Published On: 07-07-2023
Ever wondered about the time commitment required of portfolio managers? These financial professionals play a critical role in managing investment portfolios for clients, making investment decisions, and monitoring market trends. However, the burning question remains: do portfolio managers endure long hours? In this article, we delve into the intricacies of their job, explore the factors contributing to their working hours, and shed light on the challenges they encounter. By the time you reach the end, you'll have a comprehensive understanding of the demanding nature and time dedication associated with this profession.
A paramount responsibility of portfolio managers is the oversight and management of investment portfolios for their clients. Their tasks encompass analyzing financial data, evaluating risk levels, and making informed investment decisions to maximize returns. To accomplish this, they remain up-to-date with market trends, economic indicators, and company news. Collaborating closely with analysts, traders, and other professionals, portfolio managers ensure the implementation of optimal investment strategies.
Market volatility serves as a significant determinant of portfolio managers' working hours. Financial markets often experience rapid fluctuations, necessitating close monitoring and prompt responses from these professionals. During periods of heightened volatility, such as economic crises or major market events, portfolio managers may find themselves working extended hours to protect and adjust their clients' portfolios accordingly.
Thorough research and analysis form the bedrock of portfolio managers' ability to make informed investment decisions. They dedicate time and concentration to studying financial statements, company reports, industry trends, and macroeconomic factors. Consequently, their working hours often extend due to the demands of this process.
Developing robust relationships with clients constitutes a fundamental aspect of a portfolio manager's role. They routinely engage in meetings with clients to understand their investment objectives, provide updates on portfolio performance, and address any concerns. These meetings can take place during regular working hours and occasionally spill over, contingent upon the client's availability and requirements.
Administrative responsibilities add another layer of commitment for portfolio managers. These responsibilities entail record-keeping, compliance reporting, and performance tracking, often demanding additional time and attention beyond core investment activities.
To thrive in the ever-evolving financial landscape, portfolio managers engage in continuous learning and professional development. This involves attending seminars, conferences, and studying new investment strategies. Such activities may necessitate additional hours outside of their regular work schedule.
The finance industry, including portfolio management, is known for its high stress levels. The responsibility of managing substantial sums of money and the pressure to deliver consistent results can contribute to long working hours and intense work environments.
Given the demanding nature of their job, portfolio managers often grapple with challenges in maintaining a healthy work-life balance. The long working hours and required dedication can impact personal relationships and overall well-being if not managed effectively.
Dealing with uncertainty and risk is an inherent part of managing investments. The emotional toll of making critical decisions that affect clients' financial well-being should not be underestimated. This emotional pressure can contribute to stress and result in longer working hours.
To strike a harmonious work-life balance, portfolio managers can adopt specific strategies. Setting boundaries, prioritizing tasks, delegating responsibilities, and practicing self-care are crucial. Effective time management and clear communication with clients and colleagues can also facilitate a balance between professional and personal commitments.
In conclusion, portfolio managers work long hours due to various factors such as market volatility, research and analysis requirements, client meetings, administrative responsibilities, and continuous learning. The challenges they face, including high stress and maintaining work-life balance, are significant considerations in this profession. Despite the demands, a successful career as a portfolio manager can be achieved by implementing effective time management strategies and prioritizing personal well-being.
Wealth management services have emerged as a vital resource in today's intricate financial landscape. Designed to cater to the unique needs of affluent individuals, these services offer comprehensive solutions for effective wealth management. This article delves into the world of wealth management, providing insights into its key facets, benefits, and strategies that empower individuals to maximize their financial potential.
Wealth management encompasses a strategic approach to managing and growing wealth, prioritizing long-term financial goals and personalized strategies. It extends beyond traditional investment management to encompass elements such as estate planning, tax optimization, risk management, retirement planning, and philanthropy. Wealth management professionals serve as trusted advisors, guiding clients through these multifaceted aspects and assisting them in making well-informed decisions.
Holistic Financial Planning: One of the primary advantages of wealth management services is the development of a comprehensive financial plan. Wealth managers analyze clients' financial circumstances, goals, and risk tolerance to formulate a tailored roadmap aligned with their aspirations. This plan encompasses various factors, including investment diversification, asset allocation, and tax-efficient strategies.
Expertise and Knowledge: Wealth managers possess extensive expertise in financial markets, tax regulations, and wealth preservation strategies. Their continual engagement with industry trends equips them with valuable insights, enabling clients to make informed investment decisions and avoid common pitfalls. The professional knowledge of wealth managers adds a layer of confidence and competence to the management of clients' wealth.
Access to Specialized Investment Opportunities: Wealth management services often grant clients access to exclusive investment opportunities that may not be readily available to individual investors. These opportunities encompass private equity, hedge funds, real estate ventures, and other alternative investments that can enhance portfolio diversification and potential returns.
Risk Management and Mitigation: Wealth managers employ sophisticated risk management techniques to protect clients' assets and minimize potential losses. They conduct comprehensive risk assessments, implement diversification strategies, and regularly monitor investment portfolios to ensure alignment with clients' risk tolerance and financial objectives.
Tax Optimization Strategies: Efficient tax planning is a pivotal component of wealth management. Professionals in this field assist clients in navigating complex tax laws and developing strategies to minimize tax liabilities. These strategies may include utilizing tax-efficient investment vehicles, charitable giving, and estate planning techniques, thereby preserving and transferring wealth across generations.
Asset Allocation: Wealth managers implement asset allocation strategies that distribute investments across various asset classes, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, and commodities. This diversification approach helps manage risk and optimize potential returns. Through meticulous analysis of clients' risk profiles and investment objectives, wealth managers determine the ideal asset allocation strategy for their portfolios.
Estate Planning: Wealth management services assist clients in creating comprehensive estate plans that facilitate the orderly transfer of assets to future generations. Wealth managers help structure wills, establish trusts, and navigate legal complexities to minimize taxes and protect clients' legacies.
Retirement Planning: Adequate retirement planning is a crucial facet of wealth management. Professionals in this field assess clients' retirement goals, projected expenses, and income sources to develop tailored retirement plans. These plans may include strategies to maximize retirement account contributions, optimize Social Security benefits, and create sustainable income streams that support clients throughout their retirement years.
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving: Wealth management extends beyond personal financial goals and encompasses clients' desire to make a positive impact on society. Wealth managers assist in integrating philanthropy into wealth management plans, facilitating strategic charitable giving strategies that align with clients' values and objectives.
Wealth management services offer a comprehensive and personalized approach to managing wealth, empowering individuals to navigate the complexities of the financial world with confidence. Through their expertise, holistic planning, and access to specialized opportunities, wealth managers optimize financial potential while mitigating risks. With strategies encompassing asset allocation, estate planning, retirement planning, and philanthropy, wealth management services serve as invaluable resources for affluent individuals seeking to preserve and grow their wealth over the long term.
Published on: 05/23/2023
When it comes to the field of finance, particularly portfolio management, a common question that arises is whether mathematical prowess is a prerequisite for success. While a strong foundation in mathematics can undoubtedly be beneficial in this line of work, it is not an absolute necessity. This article explores the significance of math in portfolio management and highlights the diverse skill set required to excel in this profession.
Mathematics plays a crucial role in portfolio management by providing a framework for analyzing and interpreting financial data. It enables portfolio managers to make informed decisions based on statistical models, risk assessment, and optimization techniques. Understanding concepts such as probability, calculus, and statistics can assist managers in designing efficient portfolios, evaluating investment performance, and managing risk effectively.
While mathematical abilities are undoubtedly valuable, it is essential to note that portfolio management requires a blend of quantitative and qualitative skills. In addition to math, strong analytical skills, critical thinking, and a deep understanding of economics, market dynamics, and industry trends are equally important. A portfolio manager must be able to interpret financial statements, assess the impact of global events on investments, and make strategic decisions based on both numerical and non-numerical information.
In today's digital age, technology has transformed the landscape of portfolio management. Advanced software, data analytics tools, and algorithmic trading systems have automated many mathematical calculations and analysis processes. While it is still necessary to understand the underlying principles, technology has significantly reduced the reliance on manual calculations. However, a portfolio manager must possess the ability to leverage technology effectively, interpret the output, and make informed decisions based on the results.
Portfolio management often involves working in a team setting, where different professionals bring diverse skill sets to the table. While some team members may excel in mathematical modeling and quantitative analysis, others may possess expertise in fundamental analysis or have a deep knowledge of specific industries. Collaboration allows portfolio managers to leverage the strengths of each team member, creating a comprehensive and well-rounded investment strategy.
The financial industry is dynamic and constantly evolving. To succeed as a portfolio manager, one must remain adaptable and continuously update their knowledge and skills. This includes staying abreast of new mathematical techniques, emerging technologies, and regulatory changes. However, it is equally important to develop soft skills such as effective communication, leadership, and the ability to build relationships, as these qualities contribute to success in managing client expectations and cultivating strong partnerships.
While a strong understanding of mathematics can be advantageous in portfolio management, it is not the sole determinant of success. The ability to analyze and interpret data, make informed decisions, and manage risk is essential, and math provides a valuable foundation for these activities. However, a successful portfolio manager must also possess a broad skill set, including qualitative analysis, critical thinking, adaptability, and technological proficiency. By combining these skills, portfolio managers can navigate the complex world of finance, delivering optimal results for their clients while adapting to the ever-changing landscape of the industry.
Published on : 05-12-2023
Finance is the study of how money is managed by individuals, businesses, and governments. It includes a wide range of actions, such as budgeting and investing, as well as trading and risk management. In this post, we will look at some financial examples and their applications.
Personal finance is the managing of one's own finances. Budgeting, saving, investing, and insurance are all included. Budgeting entails developing a plan for income and expenses in order to meet financial objectives. Saving is putting money away for future use, but investing entails placing money into assets with the potential to create returns. Insurance guards against unforeseeable events that may result in financial loss.
A person who wants to save for retirement, for example, can open a retirement account such as an Individual Retirement Account (IRA) or 401(k). They can also enhance their savings by investing in stocks, bonds, or mutual funds. They may obtain insurance coverage such as life insurance or disability insurance to protect their possessions.
The study of how firms handle their finances is known as corporate finance. This involves money, investment, and operational decisions. Funding decisions entail deciding whether to raise funds for business operations through equity or debt financing. Choosing which projects to pursue and how to allocate resources are two aspects of investment decisions. Day-to-day finances, such as cash flow and working capital, are managed through operational choices.
A firm, for example, may issue bonds to raise funds for expansion. They might also invest in new technology or R&D to better their products or services. They may use tactics such as invoice factoring or inventory management to manage their cash flow.
The study of how governments handle their money is referred to as public finance. This involves taxing, expenditure, and debt decisions. Decisions on taxation entail determining how much revenue to collect from citizens and corporations. Allocating monies to various programs and services is part of spending decisions. Debt management entails controlling the government's debt and borrowing to support operations.
A government, for example, may raise taxes to fund infrastructure projects such as roads or bridges. They may also make funding available for educational or public safety activities. They may issue bonds or implement austerity measures to balance their budget in order to manage their debt.
The mechanisms and institutions that facilitate the exchange of financial assets are referred to as financial markets. Stocks, bonds, commodities, and currencies are all examples. Investors can purchase and sell assets in financial markets, which provide liquidity and price discovery.
A individual who wants to invest in stocks, for example, can use a brokerage account to purchase shares of publicly traded corporations. Commodities such as gold and oil can also be traded on commodity exchanges. On the foreign exchange market, currency dealers can purchase and sell foreign currencies.
The process of recognizing, assessing, and managing risks is referred to as risk management. Financial hazards include market risk, credit risk, and operational risk. Market risk refers to the possibility of losing money due to changes in market conditions such as interest rates or currency rates. Credit risk entails the possibility of losses owing to borrower default. The possibility of losses due to internal faults or external occurrences such as natural catastrophes is referred to as operational risk.
To guard against market risk, a corporation may employ hedging measures such as derivatives. They may also diversify their portfolio in order to limit their exposure to specific hazards. Banks and other lenders use credit risk models to predict borrowers' defaults and manage their loan portfolios accordingly.
Finally, finance is a broad area with several applications and examples. Personal finance is concerned with managing personal money, whereas corporate finance is concerned with managing firm finances. Public finance is the management of government finances, whereas financial markets are the trading of financial assets. Identifying and mitigating financial hazards is part of risk management. Understanding these concepts and how they apply can assist individuals and businesses in making wise financial decisions.
Published On: 28-04-2023
The world of finance is intricate and not always easy to grasp. Gaining an understanding of the fundamentals can set you on the path to long-term financial success. Whether you work in finance or not, having a firm grasp of the five pillars of financial management will serve you well.
One of the five pillars of sound financial practice is an appreciation of the time worth of money. It's something to think about while deciding between spending and saving: the opportunity cost. According to the present value of money principle, a dollar today is worth more than the same dollar earned in the future. This is due to various factors, including as the present value of a dollar compared to its possible future value, the rate of inflation, and the possibility for interest or profit.
This idea is important for investors and those preparing for retirement because of its adaptability. One of the most common approaches to evaluating investments is through a process called discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis, and this factor is crucial to this process.
Allocating your investments among various asset types is known as asset allocation. It's crucial to your investment strategy since it helps you to spread your money around and thus lower your overall risk. Your portfolio's asset allocation should always be in line with your financial objectives and comfort level with risk. To keep your portfolio in line with your asset allocation strategy, it is essential to rebalance it on a regular basis.
Your investment objectives, level of comfort with risk, and time horizon are all crucial factors in determining the optimal asset allocation for you. If you're putting money down for retirement many years from now, you may want to be more conservative and invest in cash and certificates of deposit (CDs), whereas if you're saving for a new automobile, you may want to invest more in stocks.
The value of savings and investments can grow through the process of compounding, which is more effective than mere interest. It's a potent tool for amassing wealth, but you should know how it works and how it might backfire. Early savers and investors may benefit the most from this strategy because the sooner they begin, the more money they will have when they retire.
Interest rates are the proportion of a loan's or deposit's earnings that must be repaid to the lending institution. In general, the more the interest rate on a loan, the greater the total amount that must be repaid. The interest rate that your mortgage or credit card issuer charges you has a lot to do with you, the borrower. Lenders look at factors like your credit history, the likelihood of you defaulting on the loan, and how long you plan to borrow the money for.
Interest rates on loans and other forms of credit are generally pegged to benchmark rates that act as a brake on inflation and a throttle on economic expansion. In general, higher benchmark rates discourage speculative activity that could lead to inflation, while lower rates encourage borrowing and spending that feeds the economy.
Because of its central role in finance, risk management is often cited as a necessity for influencing the final results of any financial endeavor. It entails locating potential dangers, estimating possible outcomes, and speculating on the results for the company. Methods include team conferences, creative problem solving, SWOT analysis, and risk assessments help accomplish this. The trick is to identify potential threats and prioritize them based on their likelihood and perceived severity.
Afterwards, armed with your newly-gained financial expertise, you can take care of things. You can eliminate the risk altogether by not engaging in the risky behavior, or you can minimize it by taking precautions. Risk management is fraught with peril, unfortunately. Typical profit-seeking or sloppy management on the part of humans are also possible causes.
If you have a large net worth, you may be asking if it is worthwhile to hire a wealth manager. A wealth manager will be in charge of your money, and you will pay him or her a fee based on a percentage of your total assets under management (AUM). Fees for financial advisor services are sometimes based on a percentage of your total assets under management (AUM).
Indeed, this is one of the most popular ways financial advisors are compensated. Although AUM is an excellent measure of a company's overall success, it is not the only metric to examine. You should also inquire about the services provided and the adviser's experience.
Investment firms can use assets under management as a marketing tactic. By showing how big the company is, it helps investors feel sure that the company is stable and reliable. Assets under management are calculated in a variety of ways. Total assets divided by total capital is the most typical method. Another technique is to calculate AUM using net asset value. This is the total amount of money the investment is worth, less its liabilities.
It is critical to understand the definition of an AUM fee before deciding whether to pay one. Many financial organizations report their entire AUM on a quarterly basis. However, the definition differs amongst firms. Some solely consider bank deposits, while others consider mutual funds as well.
It is also necessary to decide if the fee is set or variable. Variable costs are less prevalent than fixed fees. If you are unsure if the fee is fixed or variable, consult with your advisor. Individuals with at least $1 million in liquid assets are considered high-net-worth individuals in the financial sector. Stocks, bonds, and other kinds of investments are examples of liquid assets.
High-net-worth individuals can also take advantage of a variety of benefits, including special investing options. However, becoming an HNWI entails more than just amassing a significant sum of money. It necessitates financial prudence.
A principal residence, bank account balances, investment accounts, vehicles, collectibles, alimony, and debt can all be included in a household with at least $1 million in assets. Individuals with more than $30 million in liquid assets are classified as having ultra-high net worth.
Published On: 12-19-2022
Published on: 09/23/2022
If you wish to become a portfolio manager, you should consider obtaining a credential. Numerous alternatives are available. Every three years, you must complete sixty professional development units in order to obtain a certificate in portfolio management. These units can be obtained through a variety of means, such as taking online courses or attending professional development seminars. The purpose of this qualification is to assist you in becoming a more productive manager within your firm.
An individual must pass a certification exam to become a Lean portfolio manager. This can be accomplished in numerous ways. An option is to enroll in a course that teaches the LPM framework. This workshop will educate the participant on portfolio management and the significance of defining a vision for the organization's activities. In addition, participants will learn about Kanban and the budgeting processes that accompany LPM.
To obtain certification in Lean portfolio management, a candidate must grasp how lean governance functions, how value streams are coordinated, and how budgets are handled. The employee will also learn how to use portfolio canvas tools and coordinate a value stream as part of their training in lean portfolio management. Individuals will also be able to comprehend the function of Agile Communities of Practice.
In a world of digital disruption and a global economy, traditional portfolio management strategies were not created for the future. Under the demand to produce creative solutions more quickly, businesses must alter their processes to meet these new challenges. Numerous businesses have already started their Agile-Lean journey. Figure 1 illustrates a few of the modifications to their processes.
Portfolio Management Professional (PMP) Certification demonstrates the capability to efficiently manage several projects and portfolios. This course is designed for senior practitioners and costs $800 for members and $1,200 for non-members. This accreditation also demonstrates the applicant's risk management skills. It is ideally suited for project managers that prioritize risk management.
As with the Project Manager certification, the Portfolio Manager certification requires the applicant to be familiar with the various forms of project work and the relationships between the various project scopes. Additionally, the PMP credential enables the individual to develop in their career and assume greater responsibilities. It is recommended for project and program managers who intend to manage a portfolio of projects.
This certification is provided by the Project Management Institute (PMI), a non-profit membership organization that offers research and tools. The PMI's 700,000 members and volunteers assist project management professionals in advancing their careers and assisting enterprises in achieving success.
The Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), also known as the Scaled Agile Process, is a management framework that emphasizes the need for a PMO (Project Portfolio Management). A PMO comprises leaders of all areas of a project, from the inception of the concept to the final output. They are responsible for coordinating all components of a project and ensuring that they deliver the intended business goals. A PMO also establishes a unified vision for the entire portfolio and determines budgets, boundaries, and project flow. A PMO must be well-versed in every part of the portfolio and establish a strategy to enhance it. In addition, they must foresee obstacles and modify the plan as necessary, particularly if the business environment changes.
Traditional Agile Frameworks emphasize software development, whereas the SAFe methodology stresses collaboration and transparency among development partners. In addition, the framework gives a precise specification of short-term objectives and commitments. SAFe facilitates the implementation of a holistic project management strategy by large enterprises. In the SAFe process, there are four tiers of hierarchy. The first level is referred to as Portfolio Management and focuses on managing the flow of projects, managing resources, and preparing release plans. The second level is concerned with managing project dependencies.
Consider becoming accredited by the New York Institute of Finance if you wish to become a portfolio manager. This certification has numerous advantages. It provides a unique combination of industry recognition, brand value, and knowledge specific to the sector of portfolio management. Its course content is prepared by industry veterans and strives to teach the necessary information and abilities to outcompete the competition.
As a portfolio manager, you must have expertise and experience in financial markets, investment banking, and similar fields. A credential from the New York Institute of Finance will assist you in acquiring the necessary education and experience for success in this field. In addition, it will ensure that you are prepared to enter the financial industry upon graduation.
The course is comprised of eleven modules ranging from three to nine hours in length and costs $1,350. You will receive 55 CPE credits and a certificate from NYIF upon successful completion of this course. The course is available in a variety of forms and is taught by industry specialists. The content is applicable, and it provides examples of how others have handled certain circumstances.
published on: 07-21-2022
Experience is a big advantage in the area of wealth management. Some customers have specific needs, such as a certain level of experience, but others may want expertise in a certain field, such as tax law. Large customers in wealth management are often more interested in dealing with seasoned advisers. To attract high-net-worth customers, people with a low net worth may consider gaining experience and trust. When defining the remuneration and work description of a wealth-management consultant, these elements are vital.
Investment strategy and private investment portfolio management are included into the wealth management consultant's job description. Portfolio management entails monitoring the portfolio with discretionary power, while financial planning focuses on reaching a client's particular financial objectives. A wealth manager's responsibilities may overlap with those of a financial adviser, although the wealth manager concentrates more on providing advice than on managing assets. In addition, a wealth-management consultant may be engaged directly by a financial institution or corporation.
Depending on the sort of work a wealth management consultant conducts, the consultant's job description might vary considerably. These experts may specialize in one or more areas, like tax or financial planning. A wealth manager may also specialize in tax preparation, insurance, or estate planning. Some wealth managers provide investing advice and assist customers with stock purchases. The position demands superior analytical and communication abilities, as well as in-depth understanding of the subject matter.
If you are searching for a financial counselor to assist you with your money, you should examine their qualifications first. Most wealth management consultants have credentials, but if you have doubts about your prospective adviser's qualifications, you should contact with another financial advisor. In addition to qualifications, the wealth manager should possess the required licenses and years of relevant experience. Consider a wealth manager's credentials, such as certified investment management analyst (CIMA), certified private wealth adviser, and certified financial planner (CPFA). You may also ask relatives and friends to suggest companies with positive evaluations and reputations. To discover more about a wealth management consultant's qualifications, you may also check the FINRA BrokerCheck and the SEC's Investment Advisor Public Disclosure database.
Find a Wealth Management Consultant with an established track record. A wealth-management consultant registered as both a broker-dealer and a wealth-management business may have a potential conflict of interest. If a consultant is a broker-dealer, compensation-related conflicts of interest that adversely impact customers may arise. These conflicts may result in increased prices and hidden fees, or even greater rates than you would normally incur. 12b-1 fees, for instance, raise the price of mutual funds without guaranteeing greater returns. These fees are accepted by certain businesses as payment from consumers who use their services.
The DOL recently issued new pay guidelines for financial advisors, despite the fact that remuneration for wealth management consultants does not fluctuate much from year to year. The new regulations govern retirement savings and any conflicts of interest. Consultants in wealth management may be paid more than they deserve, but they should still be mindful of changes to their salary. This post will discuss the salary of wealth management consultants, as well as the new DOL regulations. It is hoped that you may find it useful.
The typical yearly income for Wealth Management Consultants is $57,000, or about $27 per hour. This is below the national median. In Barnstable Town, Massachusetts, the highest-paid consultants make more than $20,000 over the national average. The lowest-paid consultants are employed by TIAA-CREF and The Phoenix Companies, where they earn an average of $13,886 a year. If you are interested in this sector, though, you may expect to make up to $157,000 each year.
There are several credentials for a wealth management consultant, but they all have a core set of qualities. The most significant quality is industry experience, and customers may have special criteria. Some clients expect their consultants to be experts in a certain field, such as tax law. Large companies with a large number of high-net-worth clientele may seek consultants with substantial knowledge in this area. Conversely, advisers with less expertise and a lower net worth may need to endeavor to increase their experience and reputation in order to attract clients with a greater net worth.
The responsibilities of a wealth management consultant include assisting customers in achieving their financial objectives and counseling them on different financial solutions. Their position requires a comprehensive understanding of financial strategy, pension plans, real estate, and stocks. In addition, they must constantly analyze the financial objectives and risk tolerance of their customers and offer solutions to achieve those objectives. A wealth management consultant may also collaborate with tax experts and attorneys to construct estate plans and lower clients' tax liabilities.
Wealth managers also give a complete approach that includes a full review of a client's financial status. Their advice may take the shape of financial plans or investment portfolios, with the aim of increasing the client's total wealth. Once a customer accepts their suggestions, wealth managers execute them, manage funds, and frequently monitor investments. However, they cannot merely provide counsel or make suggestions; they must also monitor the outcomes of their suggestions.
Some wealth management consultants may opt to work for family offices, which are private organizations. These organizations offer accountancy, asset management, and property management services to rich families. In general, these offices accept only customers with assets above $25 million. The qualifications of wealth management consultants should include relevant education and experience, in addition to licenses, certifications, and additional training. In addition, candidates should be fluent in a foreign language, which will boost their chances of securing employment with a company that speaks that language.